Amend the First Amendment for humble-integrity rather than religion

 Phil Beaver seeks to collaborate on the-objective-truth, which can only be discovered. The comment box below invites readers to write.

"Civic" refers to citizens who collaborate for individual happiness with civic integrity more than for the city, state, nation, or society.

Consider writing a personal paraphrase of the preamble, which offers fellow citizens mutual equality:  For discussion, I convert the preamble’s predicate phrases to nouns and paraphrase it for my interpretation of its proposal as follows:  This good citizen practices the U.S. disciplines---integrity, justice, peace, strength, and prosperity, "in order to” develop responsible human-independence “to ourselves and our Posterity.”  I want to improve my interpretation by listening to other citizens and their interpretations yet would preserve the original, 1787, text, unless it is amended by the people.

It seems the Supreme Court occasionally refers to it, and no one has challenged whether or not the preamble is a legal statement. The fact that it changed this independent country from a confederation of states to a union of states deliberately managed by disciplined fellow citizens convinces me the preamble is legal. Equity in opportunity and outcome is shared by the people who collaborate for human justice.

Every citizen has equal opportunity to either trust-in and collaborate-on the goals stated in the preamble or be dissident to the agreement. I think 2/3 of citizens try somewhat to use the preamble but many do not articulate commitment to the goals. However, it seems less than 2/3 understand that “posterity” implies grandchildren. “Freedom of religion,” which fellow citizens have no means to discipline, oppresses freedom to develop integrity.

Selected theme from this week

The “ourselves and our Posterity” of 2021 could . . . should amend the First Amendment to humble-integrity.

Columns

I question “[love] is the ability to hurt” family (Catherine Yang) (https://www.theepochtimes.com/joy-and-a-moral-compass-are-imperative-to-learning_3537648.html)

I want to reform human education and write continuously that spousal monogamy for life incorporates children and beyond, and that the practice brings experience and observations from 4 grandparents and their relatives to the family unit.

I question inculcating that offspring hurt family is a love practice. I think the human being is naturally good, and parental duty is to coach and encourage the child to 1) accept that they are a human being, 2) to relish the necessary 2-3 decades personal learning to comprehend and intend to develop human maturity, 3) to appreciate the individual power, energy, and authority (HIPEA) to develop humble integrity, 4) to choose to not tolerate infidelity to self, 5) to enjoy 3-4 decades to acquire experiences and observations, and 6) to retire into service to posterity.

I prefer a suggestion from Agathon (Plato's "Symposium"): the civic citizen neither initiates nor tolerates hurt to or from anyone.

The judges and Congress repress We the People of the United States under the 1787 U.S. Constitution by imposing colonial-English-tradition (Conrad Black) (https://www.theepochtimes.com/failing-to-adjudicate-texas-lawsuit-supreme-court-is-turning-constitution-into-two-legged-stool_3618468.html)

I can’t think of anyone more justifiably pardoned by President Donald J. Trump than Conrad Black. Let’s be clear:  I don’t know the-ineluctable-truth. If Black expresses facts, he can relate to this land’s infamous deeds of 1692.

However, I trust Trump’s acceptance and humble-appreciation of physical power to life far more than the United States’ unconstitutional contempt in trying to usurp the-God’s metaphysical responsibilities to death.

The unconstitutionality of the U.S. Supreme Court is unintentionally expounded by Associate Justice Neil Gorsuch in his book “A Republic If You Can Keep It” (2020). And their rejection of responsible-human-independence proffered by the founders in the 1776 Declaration, the framers in the 1787 Constitution, and its non-dissenters, the signers, in the preamble (5 days old on September 17, 1787), is overt each time they claim traditional-colonial-English-American-divinity, for example, by uttering “so help me God.” They suppress that a factional-Protestant-sect, under their God, was responsible for the 1692 Salem “witch” executions (22), I think to preserve tyranny over church and state. Judges benefit from the tyranny more than elected officials do.

Much like the Bible’s book-writers, the founders, in the 1776 Declaration of Independence from England, used words and phrases that the reader must interpret in their time for their purpose. I read Genesis 1:26-28’s instruction to “male and female”, “Be fruitful, multiply, fill the earth and subdue it”. I view this as separation of responsibilities: living, to male and female or humankind, and dying, to the-God.

The founders, intentionally or not, did not lessen the charge of Genesis 1: expressing the-God as “Nature’s God”, military power as “the Supreme Judge of the world”, later sought the military providence of France, and relied on “the good People”. They did not mention the English, Protestant Trinity, perhaps because some colonists worshipped the Catholic Trinity and some were humble to the-God of necessity. More importantly, the good People took responsible-human-independence in killing fellow-British-subjects wearing red coats to invade the land. Eleven years later, 13 free and independent states suffered chaos under Congress: domestic order was essential.

The framers negotiated the 1787 U.S. Constitution without lessening the humble-integrity expressed by the founders in 1776. The Constitution preserved the separation of church from state and authorized the entity We the People of the United States “in order to” develop the public disciplines necessary to “ourselves and our Posterity”.

Mr. Black’s personal interpretation of the U.S. Preamble might motivate me to revise mine. Mine on December 29, 2020 is:  This civic citizen behaves-under and promotes the 5 U.S. disciplines---integrity, justice, peace, strength, and prosperity, “in order to” enjoy and encourage responsible-human-independence “to ourselves and our posterity”. Notice that religion is excluded, perhaps as a private rather than civil pursuit. Like Genesis 1, the preamble does not specify methods or standards for constraining chaos in life, leaving Posterity free to avoid past mistakes and meet the unfolding challenges to statutory justice.

The Congress, in 1791s English-like Bill of Rights restored colonial-English-tyranny over the people, and that power is what both Congress and the U.S. Supreme Court so desperately defend. Only a future We the People of the United States who take seriously Genesis 1 can restore the United States intentions of July 4, 1776 and September 17, 1787: responsible-human-independence. Our generation can be the reforming “ourselves and our Posterity”.

If so, some early considerations might include: 1) amending the First Amendment in order to promote humble-integrity rather than support competitive religious institutions, 2) restoring the 1782 motto “e pluribus Unum” and applying it to the people’s Gods as well as their ethnicities, and 3) replacing oaths of office, the pledge of allegiance, and legislative prayer, with recitation of the U.S. Preamble. Next, require both Congress and the U.S. Supreme Court to make certain their actions comport to the U.S. Preamble according to “ourselves and our Posterity.”

Let the media and Online forums that censor the people’s humble-integrity continue to destroy themselves so that journalism and civic conversation can emerge.

Shortened for publication:

I trust President Trump humbly-appreciates power to life more than the United States trying to usurp the-God’s metaphysical reign over death.

The U.S. Supreme Court’s unconstitutionality is unintentionally expounded by Associate Justice Neil Gorsuch’s “A Republic If You Can Keep It” (2020).

Their rejection of responsible-human-independence proffered by the founders in the 1776 Declaration, the framers in the 1787 Constitution, and its non-dissenters, the signers, in the preamble, is overt each time officials claim traditional-colonial-English-American-divinity. Judges benefit from Congressional tyranny.

Genesis 1:26-28’s instruction to “male and female” is “Be fruitful, multiply, fill the earth and subdue it”. It separates responsibilities: living, to humankind, and dying, to the-God.

The founders, intentionally or not, accepted Genesis 1: expressing the-God as “Nature’s God”, military power as “the Supreme Judge of the world”, relying on “the good People” and keeping the Trinity a private pursuit. The good People took responsible-human-independence in killing fellow-subjects in red coats. Eleven years later, 13 free and independent states suffered chaos under Congress. Domestic order was as necessity.

The framers negotiated the 1787 U.S. Constitution, keeping the humble-integrity expressed by the founders in 1776. The Constitution preserved the separation of church from state and the entity We the People of the United States proffered public disciplines to “ourselves and our Posterity”.

The Congress, in 1791s English-like Bill of Rights restored colonial-English-tyranny over the people. Only a future We the People of the United States who take seriously separation of church from state can restore the United States intentions of July 4, 1776 and September 17, 1787: responsible-human-independence. Our generation can be the reforming “ourselves and our Posterity”.

Let’s amend the First Amendment in order to promote humble-integrity rather than support competitive religious institutions.

Barr part of a larger religious swamp (Roger L. Simon) (https://www.theepochtimes.com/the-tragic-failure-of-william-barr_3617008.html)

Barr disturbed me with his comments to the choir: see “William Barr Speaking for the NRB Audience” (March 6, 2020).

I see conservatism in 2 groups. First, civic citizens preserve the public freedom needed to develop responsible-human-independence. Second, religious believers preserve their doctrinal-God, without sufficient humility to the-God of necessity. President Trump seems a conservative of the first kind.

Many U.S. judges and lawyers are conservatives of the second kind. They’re steeped in English tradition more than the U.S. Constitution. Barr seems typical. The-God suggested that male and female (in His likeness) is charged to constrain chaos on earth (Genesis 1:26-28).

The 1787 U.S. Constitution comports to the Genesis 1 demand. Religious conservatives try to usurp the-God’s responsibilities (church), forsaking their own duty (state).

 

Quora

https://www.quora.com/What-are-some-of-the-benefits-of-being-amoral? by Marcel Eldrich 

The amoral person, when discovered, learns directly the cost of infidelity to self. For example, the priest who reasons that pederasty-in-moderation aids celibacy may discover separation of church from state in law enforcement.

Hopefully, the elected or appointed official who tolerates illegal voting practices in some states will suffer the end of their political career. For example, one of my state senators has turned a blind eye to the rouge-states negation of Louisiana votes for President Trump. Perhaps next time a more reliable fellow-citizen will oppose him.

https://www.quora.com/Why-is-it-our-responsibility-to-give-more-priority-to-the-subject-of-national-concern-than-that-of-individual?   By दारी भाइ Prayouse 

A nation is its people, the collective individuals. If the individual is not a civic citizen, fellow-citizens control the pacifist’s future and that of their descendants. If the majority fellow-citizens are pacifists the nation can be enslaved. The control may be in the hands of a few, who for egocentricity sell out to a foreign power, and thus, the nation of people may become slaves to aliens.

Take the United States for example. Both the 1776 Declaration of Independence from England and the 1787 U.S. Constitution for civil order separate church and state. And the preamble to the Constitution clarifies that fellow-citizens hold both their local government (city and state) and the national government accountable “to ourselves and our Posterity”.

However, Congress, in 1791, usurped all authority to partner with church, re-establishing the factional-American-Protestant tradition that mimics England’s constitutional Church-of-England-Parliament partnership.

Consequently, most U.S. citizens pray for their God to relieve them of Congressional and Supreme Court tyranny, overlooking/defying that the-God of Genesis 1 charged male and female to constrain chaos on earth (Genesis 1:26-28). Humankind’s discoveries since that Mesopotamian philosopher expressed views 4,000 years ago make it self-evident that only mankind can “subdue” the earth; for example, establish peace on earth.

Included in the discoveries: dinosaurs perished 65 million years ago, humanoids emerged 7 million years ago, the first primitive tools appeared 2.8 million years ago, monotheism came with the first recorded civilizations, 0.004 million years ago, and the U.S. codified intentions 0.00002 million years ago.

In these 233 years since the 1787 U.S. Constitution separated church and state, the illegal imposition of the religion-Congress partnership in the 1791 First Amendment has developed into the chaos we experienced in the summer of 2020.

Alien-funded agents (aided by Democrat mayors, governors, and other principals), trashed major cities and continued to do so through New Year’s Eve. The Democrat Party itself seems funded by foreign agencies. As a side point, Christianity is understandably under attack; it is the church in the church-state tyranny in the U.S.

Furthermore, the Christians who have not reserved sufficient humility toward the-God of Genesis-1 owe it to civic citizens to produce the evidence that prayer is not a way of both subverting the Genesis-1 charge to “subdue” the earth and delaying the intentions of the United States to establish responsible-human-independence to “ourselves and our Posterity”.

We are the “ourselves and our Posterity” of 2021, and we have the privilege now to require Congress to amend the First Amendment so as to encourage humble-integrity to self rather than to support religious institutions. If we don’t act our posterity may not get their chance to codify religion a private pursuit rather than a civil imposition.

The passive individual cannot constrain chaos in their life. Collective passivity or prayerful avoidance of responsibility invites slavery to aliens.

FB add on:  The entity We the People of the United States is the “ourselves and our Posterity” of 2021. We have the privilege to amend the First Amendment so as to encourage responsible-human-independence; in other words, promote humble-integrity in self-interest. That is to say, citizens may responsibly pursue individual happiness rather than tolerate someone else’s vision for their person.

https://www.quora.com/Does-truth-show-integrity-from-its-speaker-or-can-it-be-a-coy-plot-to-get-ones-way? by Larry Ouma 

I think “truth” is like “God” in its vagueness.

I want the speaker to clarify up front that most of the-ineluctable-truth is unknown. Humankind conducts research to discover the-objective-truth and improve its perception as new instruments are invented. Eventually, the-objective-truth may approach the-ineluctable-truth.

I don’t think I’ve ever heard a speaker take this approach.

Nor have I heard a minister or priest reserve humble-integrity toward the-God, whatever-it-is.

https://www.quora.com/unanswered/Should-there-be-a-distinction-between-national-and-cultural-identity-And-if-so-what-is-the-parameters-to-define-it-And-how-does-that-definition-be-enacted-in-our-world-today-study-case-would-be-Indonesian-Malaysian? by Melvyn Kairupan 

Civilly and legally there should be no distinction or discrimination among individuals who choose to be a human being rather than one of the opposites: animal or plant. It’s alright for a red-skinned human being to think the-God has red skin.

Civically, developing a unique human being starts with the person in their family. The first constraint that comes to mind is privation of personal fear: the civic citizen does not fear their person developing a unique human being. If the family environment, invokes fear, the person ought to take action, weak as their position may be. To facilitate this appreciation of the individual person will require some U.S. reforms, especially in education departments.

My interpretation of some Mesopotamian, Greek and U.S. suggestions helps explain what it means to choose to be a human being and a civic citizen. The civic citizen:

1.     Relishes learning the-ineluctable-truth and uses it, in self-interest, to develop humble-integrity.

2.     Accepts that not every citizen so develops their person, for reasons the dissident may understand.

3.     Neither initiates nor tolerates harm to or from anyone, including self and family.

4.     Behaves for equity under statutory justice.

5.     Accepts the human individual power, the individual energy, and the individual authority (HIPEA) to develop humble-integrity rather than tolerate infidelity to self and to posterity.

6.     Accepts the good as necessity, without expressing vanity toward the-God.

7.     Hopes for a preferred afterdeath and constrains chaos in living, both for self and for posterity.

8.     Appreciates acquired intention to perfect their unique person by practicing responsible-human-independence in life choices.

 

My interpretation of ideas from early civilizations applies discovery during the millennia since then, and likewise, my interpretation of U.S. intentions reflects 233 years additional events and observations. Clearly, philosophers from 2 thousand to 4 thousand years ago were not aware of recent discoveries: dinosaur extinction 65 million years ago, humanoids emerging 7 million years ago, first stone tools 2.5 million years ago, or that 4 thousand years ago they were among the first civilizations. But human sacrifice to bargain with a God motivated some to construct a doctrine with sacrifice of lesser species, departing from their church. This is only to mention that religious reform increases rather than lessens chaos on earth. No matter how fervent a religious belief may be, it seems prudent to reserve sufficient humility toward the-God, whatever-it-is. The philosopher of Genesis 1:26-28 suggests separation of church from state in the-God’s charge to male and female to constrain chaos on earth.

 

The founding fathers, in the 1776 Declaration of Independence, separated church from state. They did not disparage England’s Trinity, made Protestant in 1689s Bill of Rights, after formation of a Catholic-Parliament-partnership in 1215s Magna Carta. The founders relied on “the good People” to kill fellow royal-subjects wearing red coats or sympathizers, attributing no responsibility to the-God. They appealed to “the Supreme Judge of the world” for the military victory. In 1778, they enlisted France’s military providence. With military victory, in 1784, the 13 former English-colonies ratified, under the Continental Congress, their global status as free and independent states.

 

They could not function as a confederacy of states, so in 1787, delegates from 12 states met to strengthen the union of states. The framers negotiated a national federalism held accountable by the entity We the People of the United States, under a republican form of government. Nothing in the Constitution lessens the humble-integrity the founders expressed in the Declaration. What some scholars disparage as “the godless constitution” is wholly compliant with the-God of Genesis 1. Does the 1776 and 1787 separation of church and state provide for the acceptances and appreciations listed above?

 

Accepting the evolutionary development of chaos on earth, the U.S. intends to serve the continuum of living citizens, expressed as “ourselves and our Posterity”.  Thus, living citizens are not obligated to preserve the founders, framers, or signer’s opinions, yet ought to prevent repetition of past mistakes as living citizens address the challenges of physical and psychological evolution. Therefore, the people may amend the Constitution to lessen injustice.

 

Rather than government for the common good under consent of the governed, the framers propose each citizen to develop responsible-human-independence. To this end, the preamble proffers 5 public disciplines: integrity, justice, peace, strength, and prosperity. Religion is a private choice and is not supported in the public disciplines. Moreover, neither process nor standard for the 5 disciplines is offered, leaving the continuum of ourselves and posterity to perfect responsible-human-independence.

 

Liberty is licensed by the military victor, whereas freedom-from tyranny is an inalienable human condition, whether encouraged or not. The eighteenth-century Western philosophy was passionate about liberty, and the enlightenment activists often let fellow-citizens’ blood. The Democrat-sponsored license we observed in the summer of 2020 involved such abuses. It seems contradictory to speak of “responsible liberty”, so we interpret the object of the preamble’s disciplines to be responsible-human-independence.

 

With these considerations, we perceive the 1787 U.S. Constitution intends responsible, individual pursuit of the happiness the citizen perceives rather than the future someone else envisions for them. With freedom from oppression, the collective “ourselves and our Posterity” will perfect the nation much as an individual human being may perfect their living. The “ourselves and our Posterity” of 2021 have the privilege of establishing the intended U.S.

 

I think Item 5, above reflects the Genesis 1 phrases “in the image of God he created him:
male and female he created them”. That is a human being has HIPEA and, unlike the-God, faces death. However, I could be wrong: the-God could have red skin-color, making red-skinned people the-God’s chosen people. I don’t think so, but don’t object to them thinking so as long as they appreciate us as a human beings who uses his HIPEA to develop humble-integrity with the eight items listed above or better.

 

We the People of the United States have the privilege of requiring Congress to amend the First Amendment so as to encourage humble-integrity rather than sponsor the chaos of institutional religion. Let’s get it done quickly so as to focus on other needed reforms.

If there are no objections, I will add Melvyn Kairupan 1/1/2021 to my appreciations page.

FB add on: A human being has the individual power, energy, and authority (HIPEA) to develop humble-integrity and think the-God is red without offending fellow-citizens.

To Melvyn Kairupan:

Thank you for your kindness and examples for clarification.

You comment “. . . many points on what it means to civilly and legally be a human being” misses my distinction that the human being has the humble-integrity for civic behavior. In a civic nation, civil and lawful cultures thrive. That is, the rule of law prevails: ethnic cultures accommodate the law. It’s not a municipal usage: Civic citizens don’t lie so as to lessen human misery and loss.

Regarding your first concern, would you mind if Alexander the Great was one of my heroes when I read his biography as a youth in Tennessee, USA, and my regard for him has never waned? It seems his psychological impact on FYROM would be heroic, even to the Slav population there. I think it is a complement to Greece that both a Tennessean and a non-greek state honor him. A nation is first people, and if the people hold a historical figure to be their hero, it does not take food off the table in his nation of origin. I think it’s human to accommodate FYROM wishes. Now if FYROM wants to impose on Greece the demand that they not honor Alexander the Great, it seems offensive, but an offense that can be merely frowned upon: “Shame on them for their lies” (if that’s the case).

Your second concern struck me as the abuse of government licensing for commercial interests. The human being favors authenticity, and the entrepreneur who wants to promote Rendang will have in the restaurant the story of the Minang culture and its ethnic origin in Malaysia but recipe development in Sumatra. They might have as an entrée that first recipe written in Malaysia. If Indonesia is important to Minang people, that story might be told, too. UNESCO is like all government agencies: they earn reputations of unreliability, and I think human beings punish liars.

In my list of civic provisions, Items 3 and 4 seem most useful for your concerns, and Item 2 must always be accepted: Some people think crime pays and liars may be in the room arguing their interests.

https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-significance-of-dignity? by Ernst Streng

I think of dignity as the attention a fertile woman should grant her viable ova. She maintains physical and psychological wellbeing not only for self but for them. She does not invite intimacy with a man who would not care for her and her continuum of viable ova. The authentic man would not jeopardize a woman and her viable ova.

After birth and rearing, dignity becomes a matter of performance as a human being rather than as an opposite: animal or plant.

https://www.quora.com/Why-should-goodness-and-truth-be-a-primary-virtue-for-a-human-being-to-model? by Zachary Guthrie 

It’s important for a person to accept being a human being rather than an opposite.

The human being has the individual power, the individual energy, and the individual authority (HIPEA) to develop humble-integrity rather than tolerate infidelity to self.

Practicing the good according to the-ineluctable-truth is in the human being’s self-interest.

https://www.quora.com/Isnt-specialization-in-society-designed-so-that-we-each-dont-have-to-research-test-define-and-fix-everything-ourselves-Doesnt-this-eliminate-the-need-for-self-reliance-for-literally-everything-Isnt-that-progress-and? by Chris Guerrieri 

In the exchange of goods, services, and ideas, civic connection is beneficial.

However, development of the person’s responsible-human-independence cannot be consigned, avoided, or ignored if they are to become a psychologically mature human being.

https://www.quora.com/Is-it-the-case-that-if-we-cannot-express-something-we-don-t-know-it? by San

People are taught to speak to the audience. However, I prefer to speak my message lucidly, phonically, and sincerely, and hope the audience asks questions to clarify words and phrases they might not have chosen for the message. If so, I listen to their concerns and respond to improve the message, perhaps using their terms. Having reached comprehension of my message, the other might then offer a modification. Then, I become listener and ask questions to clarify their modification. If I accept the modification, it’s not that I didn’t know my position: I did not have the benefit of their viewpoint.

I dialogue with writers from the past, and Albert Einstein said to a science and religion conference, "Science without religion is lame, religion without science is blind." I think his message was: Research without integrity is ruinous, integrity without research is futile.”

https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-one-thing-in-your-life-that-made-you-the-happiest? by Rashid Hussain 

Proposing marriage, vowing monogamy for life including children, and living 51 years in mutual fidelity.

https://www.quora.com/How-would-you-go-about-achieving-world-peace? by Peter Coultas 

Over 4,000 years ago a Mesopotamian philosopher suggested that the-God charged male and female to constrain chaos on earth (Genesis 1:26-28). Civilizations then and now tried to construct doctrine whereby the-God would do the work to constrain chaos.

For world peace, men and women must constrain chaos in their individual lives and share the practice with their offspring.

https://www.quora.com/Cicero-in-On-the-Law-said-Salus-populi-suprema-lex-esto-that-is-The-health-of-the-people-should-be-the-supreme-law-Do-you-agree-with-Ciceros-emphasis-on-a-healthy-population? by Graham C Lindsay 

I think the primary purpose of government is to 1) manage common needs such as infrastructure and military strength and 2) encourage citizens to accept being a human being. The human being develops the humble-integrity required to perfect let alone maintain their unique person.

In such a culture, elected and appointed officials are among fellow citizens who hold government accountable. They are aware that in the market-place of needs and providers, the people who choose to be human will connect for efficient viability allowing fellow-citizens who choose to develop an opposite of human being to seek their own reform.

Government ruins the market place of ideas and performance by attempting to expand so as to usurp the individual’s self-interest.

https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-best-way-to-champion-gender? by Richie Whiskey 

The gender of interest to the individual is their own.

If someone else has introduced the proposition of changing it, the individual owes it to self to ponder why. My first explanation is the other seeks to pick the individual’s pocket without regard for bemusement and other damages to the individual.

During my life, when I encountered challenges that seemed to threaten my potential, I consulted social workers and listened to them. For example, after rejection by many women I dated I wondered if I suffered heterophobia---my word for the fear of committing to a woman. A social worker advised me that someone with serene confidence in their dialogue with me would provide me to confidence I needed. Not six months later, I met my wonderful wife now in our 51^st year of marriage and 53^rd year of courtship.

There is no way I would let an entrepreneur change the person I was born to discover.

FB add on: Forsake monogamy for life with a serenely-confident woman for gender change? Insanity!

https://www.quora.com/q/wonder?__ni__=0&__nsrc__=4&__snid3__=15743784275&__tiids__=18322563

Personal integrity may be measured by humble-integrity, which appreciates both physics and its progeny including psychology and civic citizenship. Mindfulness of humble-integrity and civic citizenship is a self-interest to every human being.

https://www.quora.com/Does-the-concept-of-owning-ideas-have-merit-or-is-it-deeply-flawed-as-a-pillar-of-patent-intellectual-property? by Damien Sticklen 

I think technological advances should be protected by patent. Also, some discovery should be protected, for example, minerals discovery by the companies that explore for those minerals.

However, intellectual property such as my personal interpretation of the preamble to the U.S. Constitution’s people’s proposition is reward unto itself and ought to be shared freely among fellow citizens. Also, classic statements like Kennedys’ “Ask not . . . “ and Lincoln’s “that government of the people . . .” are merely opinionate dream rather than the-ineluctable-truth and therefore are not worthy of legal protection.

With the search power of the Internet, I perceive no reason to cite Lincoln if I want to write that discipline of, by, and for the people, intended by the preamble has never been established. It’s true that Lincoln’s dream is part of my background. But he’s repeating a British idea---consent of the governed, and I don’t agree that he had a worthy dream.

As always, I could be wrong, but that’s my opinion.

https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-negatives-of-Americas-individualism? by Laurel L. Anderson 

Only that the intended separation of church from state is repressed by Congress and the U.S. Supreme Court.

From the divergent chaos of 2020, America can open 2021 by establishing the United States as proffered on September 17, 1787, just 5 days after its culture of public discipline was proposed in the proffered and as yet repressed preamble.

Congress, in 1791, dubbed the preamble “secular” whereas its abstract phrases proffer 5 civil disciplines for responsible-human-independence through posterity’s civic-individualism: humble-integrity.

For American restoration to happen, “the good People” quoting the 1776 Declaration of Independence from England will observe that the philosopher of Genesis 1:26-28, the 1776 Declaration, and the 1787 U.S. Constitution each suggests separation of church from state rather that the English, constitutional Canterbury-Parliament-partnership. Following Western chaos, England’s partnership was Roman Catholic in 1215 Magna Carta and made Protestant in the 1689 Bill of Rights. As we experienced, religious chaos was divergent in 2020.

America’s individuals of 2021 must interpret the preamble “in order to” guide their civic, civil, legal, and private living in connection with fellow-citizens who responsibly pursue the happiness they perceive rather than tolerate Congressional and U.S. Supreme Court tyranny beyond 2021.

My preamble interpretation, developed in appreciation to nearly 100 engaged persons, serves as an example of how impactful the proffered but repressed people’s proposition is. My interpretation this moment, at 6:15 PM CT on 12/31/20, follows:  This appreciative citizen practices and promotes the 5 U.S. public-disciplines---integrity, justice, peace, strength, and prosperity, “in order to” enjoy and encourage responsible-human-independence “to ourselves and our Posterity”. Notice that neither religion nor liberty is included: religion as a private rather than civil practice and liberty as legislative and judicial license that limits freedom-from oppression and too often turns to letting fellow-citizens’ blood.

Moreover, the preamble specifies neither process nor standards by which to self-discipline, leaving responsibility to prevent past errors in meeting present necessities to ourselves and our posterity. Thus, the appreciative American individual is not burdened by the past and may work for an achievable better future with their children, grandchildren and beyond.

Three actions in 2021 would start the reformation. First, revise the First Amendment in order to promote humble-integrity to fellow citizens rather than support divergent religious institutions. Second, appreciating the-God of Genesis 1, whether its image is physical or psychological, restore the 1782 motto “E Pluribus Unum” instead of the religious imposition “In God We Trust.” And third, stop using ceremonial prayer and pledges in U.S. public offices in order to replace them with unison reading of the preamble’s 52 words.

If there are no objections, I will add “Laurel L. Anderson12/31/2020” to my appreciations page.

FB add on: A 2021 resolution for the human-American individual.

https://www.quora.com/q/lawofmoralmorality/Why-do-immoral-people-use-God-to-justify-their-actions? By Rebecca Williams  

I’m not certain how to judge that a fellow-citizen is immoral.

However, when someone justifies their opinion by claiming to speak for the-God (whatever-it-is), I perceive they think I will respond to their God rather than the-God. That’s innocent enough. And I am the first to say I do not know that they have not chosen as their God, the-God, statistically unlikely as that may be.

If the other claims they speak for God or to know God, I perceive regret that they may not reserve sufficient humility toward the-God. In other words, statistically speaking, they may be rebuking the-God and may eventually regret the privation of humility. That is to say, I think the-God knows their hubris.

Since individual sincere-beliefs are the basis of personal-integrity, I accept my sincerity for me and appreciate the other’s sincerity for them.

However, I do observe people’s actions, and if behavior does not reflect humble-integrity, I assume the person has not yet accepted that it is better to develop themselves as a human being than as an opposite. It does not lessen their appreciated fellow-citizenship, unless they cause harm. Then, constrain is called for.

FB add on:  Reserving sufficient humility toward the-God, whatever-it-is.

https://www.quora.com/Is-giving-into-human-nature-often-likened-to-weakness-while-resisting-or-challenging-our-very-natures-a-form-of-strength-Is-it-necessarily-so? by Kiril Degtarev

I think the newborn person is delighted to learn the good. However, I do not know of a culture that coaches and encourages their youth that the good is advantageous to the person.

Most cultures inculcate a life-long quest for higher authority by which to live---the government or the-God or their partnership.

What male and female need is coaching and encouragement to accept being a human being rather than tolerating an opposite: animal or plant. Second, accept the individual power, the individual energy, and the individual authority to use life to develop their unique person unto perfection.

Together the 1776 Declaration of Independence and the 1787 U.S. Constitution proffered the people’s proposal for such a lifestyle. So far, the entity We the People of the United States has not established responsible-human-independence made the rule of law until Congress repressed it with 1791s Bill of Rights. Especially egregious is the imposition of Congress-religion-partnership when the continuum ourselves and our posterity need encouragement to humble-integrity.

FB add on: The human being naturally seeks the-good. Governments propose the-God as surrogate for the-good so as to pick the pockets of people who don’t accept their human powers and responsibilities.

 

https://www.quora.com/What-moral-characteristics-would-you-associate-with-the-ability-to-be-objective-and-unbiased-Why-do-some-people-lack-these? by John Richardson 

I think the individual must accept that they 1) are a human being rather than one of the opposites: animal or plant, 2) are better served by humble-integrity rather than infidelity, and 3) relishes behaving for civic equity under statutory justice.

With such open-mindedness, each public encounter is neutral. The other person may resist civic behavior, express privacy, or be open to mutual appreciation. Regardless, the civic-citizen behaves for mutual, comprehensive safety and security.

https://www.quora.com/Who-should-carry-the-burden-of-taxation? by Jhonel Aguite 

Early, a person should consider whether they want to develop as a human being or as an opposite: animal or plant. If they choose human being, they should consider taking charge of learning-with-relish, in order to comprehend and intend to develop a complete unique-person.

There’s no coaching and encouragement in society, but each human has the individual power, the individual energy, and the individual authority (HIPEA) to develop humble-integrity rather than tolerate infidelity to their person. That is to say, humble-integrity is in the human being’s self-interest.

About 4000 years ago, someone suggested that necessity requires each person to constrain chaos in living. The individual can neither make all the things they need nor develop all the services they need. About 2400 years ago, the Greeks suggested that the civic citizen behaves for equity under statutory justice. Under statutory justice, taxes provide common needs of the goods and services providers.

Fellow-citizens appreciate the opportunity to earn a living and pay for the lifestyle they want. Dissidents, for example, thieves, want to take advantage of civic citizens and must be constrained. (The system to constrain criminals and tyrants is part of fellow-citizens’ provisions under taxation.)

 

https://www.quora.com/Is-the-fight-for-truth-the-greatest-fight-of-all? by Mark Thomas Carr 

Not really; it’s a misdirected “fight”.

“Truth” is used to mean anything. Therefore, people don’t focus on the-ineluctable-truth, which is approached by the-objective-truth, which gets revised when new instruments of perception emerge.

With the appearance of changing truth, people try to use reason, revelation, doctrine, law, and other human constructs to control what cannot be controlled: the human quest for the-ineluctable-truth on which to survive and thrive.

In other words, the political fight to oppress humankind is futile, despite its long life, so far.

Of course, that’s only my opinion: I don’t know the-ineluctable-truth.

FB add on: The search for truth is misdirected.

https://www.quora.com/Abraham-Heschel-said-Self-respect-is-the-fruit-of-discipline-the-sense-of-dignity-grows-with-the-ability-to-say-no-to-oneself-What-are-your-thoughts-on-self-control-and-do-you-view-your-self-as-a-good-example? by Graham C Lindsay 

I am not a good example of self-discipline. For example, I am answering this question while I want to spend the next 30 minutes working in the yard. I always go with my personal preference rather than what I want. The consequence is an accumulation of wants and satisfaction of preferences.

https://www.quora.com/If-you-had-the-power-to-change-one-thing-about-every-person-in-the-world-what-would-it-be-and-why? by Joseph Roopchandsingh 

For those individuals who don’t think so, I would have them accept that they are a human being with the power, energy, and authority to perfect their unique good before their body, mind, and person stop functioning.

https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-core-function-that-sustains-and-connects-human-existence? by Dione Howard 

Civic citizens, for the freedom to develop responsible-human-independence, must constrain chaos in their living.

https://www.quora.com/Rene-Descartes-said-It-is-not-enough-to-have-a-good-mind-The-main-thing-is-to-use-it-well-What-are-your-tips-on-using-your-mind-well? by Graham C Lindsay 

Thank you, Mr. Lindsay, for the question and kind presentation: I can answer for myself without seeming to boast that I know the-ineluctable-truth.

Approaching my ninth decade (which begins at age 80), I consider each: appreciation, acceptance, and discipline (that is, perfect choice) as more advantageous attitudes than love. Love often errs greatly due to emotions. For example, a person can feel wildly “in love” with someone who is unaware of the possessive attraction. Also, an “empathetically-tolerant” person may not notice the serenely-confident other-person’s pity.

Consequently, my tip-list includes the following (please alert me to omissions):

Appreciate being a human being and choose not to behave as an opposite: animal or plant. For example, never lie or deceive: lessen human pain and loss.

Accept and relish that it takes about 8-9 decades for a human being to acquire the comprehension and intention to live a psychologically complete human life: 2-3 decades of encouragement and coaching to 1) take charge of learning and 2) avoiding indoctrination/inculcation; 3-4 decades in service with fellow-citizens, in order to accumulate the experiences, observations, and choices that aid discovery of your person; and the decades in retirement, hopefully, to share ongoing approach to a perfected unique-person. That is, to coach and encourage fellow-citizens including family to develop humble-integrity.

Appreciate those years in professional service. Accept the opportunity to pursue the world’s best non-fiction writing as you go. Select a list, and read each sentence as a treasure tendered by the writer; when you comprehend their gem, record it in a searchable file. Especially if you disagree, record the words, your objections, and the page number. Here’s a list I don’t recommend: https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/dec/31/the-100-best-nonfiction-books-of-all-time-the-full-list. And here’s the one I do recommend: https://thegreatestbooks.org/nonfiction. It surveys 129 lists. If you relate a current experience to one of the references, record the details. And trust your instincts if you think deviating from the list is necessary to find the writing you need. Let me explain: it took me 2 decades of reading Emerson’s “Divinity School Address” (1838) to accept that he asserted that Jesus, a man, suggested that Phil Beaver can perfect his unique person. Similarly, I almost missed Agathon’s message in Platos’ “Symposium” (460 BCE): an ineluctably good citizen neither initiates nor tolerates harm to or from any one (my interpretation). In other words, accept an urge to re-read. Always trust your person, unless his or her HIPEA is nurturing infidelity. For example, Chekhov’s “Rothschild’s Fiddle” shares a suggestion with which I saved my life in 1991.

Accept that each human being has the individual power, the individual energy, and the individual authority (HIPEA) to discover and develop a unique person. At each decision to act, they may choose either humble-integrity or egocentricity. The former invites appreciation and the latter invites chaos. Error can either motivate reform or become habit. When your person concludes “I don’t know,” no action should be taken except under physical attack. Habitual toleration of chaos invites ruin, and the self-discipline to not repeat an error leads to success. Some people nurture chaos. But discovery that humble-integrity is a self-interest can inspire reform at any moment. HIPEA is so powerful that unique perfection may be pursued from the moment it is intended.

Accept that civilizations evolve of human necessity and decline on mature egocentricity. Of necessity, humankind must eventually develop the self-discipline to constrain chaos during most citizens’ lives. An ancient philosopher expressed this necessity in Genesis 1:26-28. The-God of his beliefs assigned to male and female, in the-God’s image, to “Be fruitful, multiply, fill the earth and subdue it.” Unfortunately, most cultures attempt to construct a God in their favor, failing to accept the-God of necessity (perhaps male and female fidelity). Consequently, chaos has increased such that, approaching the year 2021, there are nearly as many Gods as theistic-believers. And philosophies tend toward egocentricity rather than humble-integrity. For example, promoting “mindfulness” through meditation more than as civic-awareness for comprehensive safety and security. Constraining chaos in personal life leads to the discipline needed for unique perfection. But the new year, 2021, promises divergent chaos. However, your person can reserve sufficient humility toward the-God to constrain chaos in one life.

Appreciate that the humankind of double-integrity---wholeness and reliability---may be developing the humility necessary to constrain chaos. No matter how oppressive a religion, a government, their partnership, and the world may be, there are individuals everywhere who behave to develop human equity under statutory justice---a society that practices, coaches, and encourages societies to develop humble-integrity. Therefore, the individual who is nurturing their humble-integrity is not wasting their self-discipline, and is a founding member of the societies-society. The fact that no such society has been promoted leaves open the hope that mutual, comprehensive safety and security may be the achievable, better future.

Accept and pursue the one culture intended to develop humble-integrity to Genesis 1 that was already proffered; improve it: the United States, which was proposed by the framers and signed by non-dissenters on September 17, 1787 in the U.S. Constitution. Nothing therein lessened the humble-integrity expressed in separation of church and state by the founders in the 1776 Declaration of Independence from England. It has been prevented, so far, by the Congressional amendment in 1791 that re-established colonial factional-American-Protestantism in partnership with Congress, by tradition. It mimics England’s constitutional Canterbury-Parliament tyranny over the Genesis 1 necessity: humankind is responsible for peace on earth.  

Accept another Greek suggestion: the self-interested citizen behaves during life to develop equity under statutory justice rather than tolerate what gods and governments would do.

I hope this helps. And I hope someone shares a suggestion I would like to consider.

https://www.quora.com/q/lawofmoralmorality/What-is-the-purpose-of-ethics? by Rebecca Williams 

In human associations, ethics is a catalogue of rules or standards for membership qualification and admittance. Human beings have the individual power, energy, and authority (HIPEA) to choose to qualify and apply for membership or not.

Among humankind, ethics journals the discovery of the evidence by which the-ineluctable-truth may be pursued. Negative discovery is journaled so that humankind can both 1) avoid repeating misery and loss and 2) reconsider when new instruments of perception could reverse prior conclusions.

Necessity demands that male and female constrain chaos on earth. This demand was expressed representing the as yet undiscovered creator in male and female likeness. See Genesis 1:26-28. It seems that persons who choose chaos for their lifestyle exclude themselves from the human association.

FB add on: Human ethics journals progress in the demand to constrain chaos on earth.

https://www.quora.com/What-should-be-guaranteed-to-all-citizens? by Skye R. Regan 

Freedom to develop humble-integrity to self. In other words, freedom to constrain chaos in personal living.

 

https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-moral-or-metaphysical-implications-of-moral-emotivism-Why-do-we-need-moral-truth-especially-moral-realism-Is-a-disagreement-only-solved-when-someone-is-right-Cant-a-disagreement-be-solved-by-stating? By George Dulos 

Only the-ineluctable-truth serves statutory justice: there’s no place for either reasoning or emotions.

About 2,400-years-ago, the Greeks suggested, in my interpretation, first, ineluctably good people (IGP) neither initiate nor tolerate harm to or from any person or association. Second, IGP behave for and develop equity under statutory justice. Statutory justice is based on the-ineluctable-evidence. When law-enforcement is subjective, it must be reformed to objectivity.

In statutory justice, if the-ineluctable-truth cannot be discovered, necessity requires the conclusion, “We don’t know the-ineluctable-truth.” However, there is no justice is leaving the accused yet accused, so the only option is to acquit. Acquittal frees both the victim and the statutory-justice-sponsors free to re-dedicate to discover the evidence the offender cannot escape.

There’s no place for metaphysics in the discovery of the-ineluctable-truth.

Law professors

https://lawliberty.org/2020-a-mixed-bag-for-classical-liberalism/ but my comment was censored, so I posted it on FB. Then, further below, see a comment to Steele that was posted on the blog:

Law & Liberty - Posts | Facebook

Professor McGinnis seems to define “Classical liberalism [by] its valorization of the individual, its celebration of merit, and its adherence to an empirical view of the world.” Empirical means “capable of being verified or disproved by observation or experiment” (https://www.merriam-webster. com/dictionary/empirical).

Another authority seems to replace both merit and evidence with personal choice: “as she see fit”. “[C]lassical liberals have insisted that an economic system based on private property is uniquely consistent with individual liberty, allowing each to live her life —including employing her labor and her capital — as she sees fit (https://plato.stanford. edu/entries/liberalism/#ClaLib).

There’s nothing in either "classic liberal" definition that suggests religious mysticism. However, McGinnis reverses the definitions to argue “[A] deeply antiempirical spirit stalks the land. [It] transcends identity politics and has its roots in the need for many to live by some secular myth that will explain the entire world.” Hmmm.

McGinnis erroneously holds some follow-citizens guilty of metaphysics that shape their politics (see https://avalon.law.yale.edu/19th_century/csa_scarsec.asp to explore a similar invitation to ruinous violence). Unfortunately, this blog, in 2020, became a censor to humble-integrity---the work to discover how to live with mutual, comprehensive safety and security so that each person can choose to develop their unique human being rather than tolerate an opposite: animal or plant.

Empiricism shows that liberty, licensed by judges and legislators, is too often taken as perhaps “enlightenment” license to draw fellow-citizens’ blood. Instead, the natural, newborn-person’s tendency is responsible-human-independence or humble-integrity. But we don't encourage humble-integrity. Freedom-from oppression of civic-integrity is preferred to license-to harm others. In other words, when their group plots harm, a human being wants the independence to exit and to notify first-responders rather than express the solidarity the group licensed.

Further, cultural evolution provides ample evidence that Genesis 1:26-28 suggests separation of church from state. Genesis-1s the-God charges male and female to constrain chaos on earth. Too many cultures construct rational, erroneous doctrine intended to persuade the-God to take charge of responsible-human-independence. Prayerfulness (for example, I am a sinner; come into my heart; cleanse me) attempts to assign to the-God “subdue” the earth. Neither the-God nor government usurps the individual’s self-interest in constraining chaos during their life and for their posterity.

Both the 1776 Declaration of Independence (from England) and the 1787 Constitution (for domestic-order, the rule of law), intend separation of church from state so as to keep religious pursuits private to the individual. Judges use lawyers to distract We the People of the United States, both individually and corporately, from responsible-human-independence.

It seems impossible to imagine President Trump articulating this shocking, proffered proposal to amend the Bill of Rights. Congress, through American church-state partnership has suppressed the September 17, 1787 Constitution ever since it was signed with its 5-day old people’s intentions, abstractly stated in the preamble.

The 2021 “ourselves and our Posterity” have the empirical responsibility to amend the First Amendment so as to promote responsible-human-independence among fellow citizens rather than sponsor institutional religion’s physical, divergent chaos.

It seems this comment was censored at the blog. I appreciate the chance to post an update here.

YOUR REPLY WILL BE POSTED AFTER APPROVAL FROM A MODERATOR.

To Charles N. Steele:

I have no idea what 18^th century book Palladin refers to; maybe it’s author is Adam Smith; or additionally Edmund Burke, Thomas Paine, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin and more. Common good, consent of the governed, and liberty are not U.S. principles. (We saw in 2020 license to let fellow-citizens’ blood for egocentric liberty.)

However, the “the only basis for America’s constitution” is the hard-earned humble-integrity expressed by the founders in the 1776 Declaration of Independence from England. They attributed spiritual authority to “Nature’s God”, accepted military authority “to the Supreme Judge of the world”, relied on “the good People” to take responsibility for killing fellow-royal-subjects in red coats, and later negotiated military providence from France. Their declaration conformed to Genesis 1:26-28’s the-God of necessity charging humankind to constrain chaos on earth. The founders, by not lessening the English Trinity, then Protestant, separated church from state.

Nothing in the framers’ 1787 U.S. Constitution’s domestic order lessened the humble-integrity the founders established through physical independence from the oppressor. And the non-dissident-framers who signed the Constitution codified the psychological independence in the 5-day old preamble. It proffered a people’s proposition for public-discipline “in order to” establish responsible-human-independence “to ourselves and our Posterity.”

Alas, Congress usurped Genesis 1, the 1774 Declaration, the 1787 Constitution, and the entity We the People of the United States when they created a Congress-religion partnership in the 1791 Bill of Rights. We, the 2021 ourselves and our posterity must reform the U.S. to the 1787-proffered humble-integrity: in the year 2021.

YOUR REPLY HAVE BEEN AUTOMATICALLY APPROVED AND POSTED.

Notable writers I won’t read (again in this case)

https://www.jstor.org and https://watermark.silverchair.com/ PDF on details about the preamble.

The Critical Role of Committees at the U.S. Constitutional Convention of 1787 by JOHN R. VILE.

1.     Page 18 “Most notably, this document begins with the words "We the people," before listing the states individually.”101 FARRAND, II, 177. This preamble does not list the other purposes that today's preamble lists, although it does include the words "ordain, declare, and establish the following Constitution for the Government of Ourselves and our Posterity."

2.     COMMITTEE ON POSTPONED MATTERS (COMMITTEE ON UNFINISHED PARTS) “By August 31 . . . The complexity of the electoral college makes it less likely that it could have emerged from full floor debate. Although Brearly chaired the Committee, Gouverneur Morris took the lead . . . “

3.     COMMITTEE OF STYLE AND ARRANGEMENT “. . . of the earlier Committee of Detail, the delegates decided to appoint five members. They were Dr. William Samuel Johnson of Connecticut; Alexander Hamilton (who had absented himself through much of the convention) of New York; Gouverneur Morris of Pennsylvania, James Madison, Jr. of Virginia, and Rufus King of Massachusetts. [145 Significantly, the committee included at least one delegate from each of the three major regions of the country.] Although Johnson was the designated chair of the committee, Morris appears to have been the most influential member. With considerable pride, he thus observed in a letter to Timothy Pickering of December 22, 1814: "that instrument [the Constitution] was written by the fingers, which wrote this letter. Having rejected redundant and equivocal terms, I believed it to be as clear as our language would permit."[146 FARRAND, III, 420. James Madison, a fellow committee member, confmned Morris's contribution at FARRAND, III, 499: The finish given to the style and arrangement of the Constitution fairly belongs to the pen of Mr. Morris; the task having, probably, been handed over to him by the chairman of the Committee, himself a highly respectable member, and with the ready concurrence of the others. A better choice could not have been made, as the performance of the task proved. It is true, that the state of the materials, consisting of a reported draft in detail, and subsequent resolutions accurately penned, and falling easily into their proper places, was a good preparation for the symmetry and phraseology of the instrument but there was sufficient room for the talents and taste stamped by the author on the face of it. The alterations made by the Committee are not recollected. They were not such, as to impair the merit of the composition. Those, verbal and others made in the Convention may be gathered from the Journal, and will be found also to leave that merit altogether unimpaired.] Morris's most important stylistic contribution to the constitution was the Preamble where he lengthened the phrase "We the People" to "We the People of the United States" and omitted the names of individual states. Although this was chiefly designed to avoid the problem that would ensue if, as initially happened, the new government went into effect before being ratified by all 13 states, the phraseology also gave the document a more nationalistic focus. [147. RICHARD BROOKHISER, GENTLEMAN REVOLUTIONARY: GOUVERNEUR MORRIS-THE RAKE WHO WROTE THE CONSTITUTION (2003).]

4.     “In a letter published in March 1788, Luther Martin also indicated that he had considered proposing a committee to draft a bill of rights, but further indicated that he did not actually introduce it:

A very few days before I left the Convention, I shewed to an honorable member sitting by me a proposition, which I then had in my hand, couched in the following words; "Resolved that a committee be appointed to prepare and report a bill of rights, to be prefixed to the proposed Constitution," and I then would instantly have agreed to second the motion, to do which he hesitated, not as I understand from any objection to the measure, but from a conviction to his own mind that the motion would be in vain.

[162 PAUL S. CLARKSON AND R. SAMUEL lETT, LUTHER MARTIN OF MARYLAND 133 Quoting Maryland Journal, 21 March 1788 390-91. It seems unusual that George Mason, who proposed a committee on sumptuary legislation, did not take such an initiative himself.]

Phil Beaver does not “know.” He trusts in and is committed to the-objective-truth which can only be discovered. Conventional wisdom has truth founded on reason, but it obviously does not work.

Phil is agent for A Civic People of the United States, a Louisiana, education non-profit corporation. See online at promotethepreamble.blogspot.com, and consider essays from the latest and going back as far as you like.